Ernest Hemingway

In Their Own Words

“The first draft of anything is always garbage.”

— Ernest Hemingway

Areas of Expertise

Key Achievements

• Won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954
• Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and the Sea
• Literary works include The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls
• Ambulance driver in WWI, war correspondent in WWII, Spanish Civil War, and other conflicts
• Defined the iceberg theory of writing — "The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water"

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